Osteoporose - Aktuelle Diagnostik und Therapie

Zusammenfassung

Osteoporose ist die häufigste Knochenerkrankung beim Menschen, betrifft sowohl Frauen als auch Männer, und verursacht durch Mortalität und Morbidität hohe Kosten für das Gesundheitssystem. Osteoporose wird durch eine verminderte Knochendichte, ermittelt möglichst mit der Dual-X-Ray-Absorptiometrie, diagnostiziert. Sowohl die nichtpharmakologische (Kalzium- und Vitamin-D-Supplementierung, gesunde Ernährung, Sturzprophylaxe, Stärkung der Muskulatur, Beendigung eines Nikotinkonsums) als auch die pharmakologische Therapie (antiresorptive und anabole Medikamente) sind hilfreich bei der Behandlung und Prävention der Osteoporose. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über Diagnostik, Screening, Vorbeugung und Behandlung der Osteoporose.

Abstract

Osteoporosis is the most prevalent bone disease in human beings. It affects both women and men and causes high costs in health care due to its morbidity and mortality. Osteoporosis is diagnosed by decreased bone density, preferably evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Non-pharmacological (calcium and vitamin D supplementation, healthy diet, prevention of falls, strengthening of muscles, termination of smoking) as well as pharmacological therapy (antiresorptive and anabolic medication) are helpful in preventing and treating osteoporosis. This article provides an outline of diagnosis, screening, prevention and therapy of osteoporosis.

Schlüsselwörter

Osteoporose - Frakturen - Prävention - Diagnose - Therapie

Key words

osteoporosis - fractures - prevention - diagnosis - therapy

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